Since then, review studies have found that overall rates of congenital malformations in infants exposed to lamotrigine "in utero" are relatively low (1-4%).
It is the most common malformation of the gastrointestinal tract and is present in approximately 2% of the population, with males more frequently experiencing symptoms.
Spina bifida malformations fall into three categories: spina bifida occulta, spina bifida cystica with meningocele, and spina bifida cystica with myelomeningocele.